Singing

1. Singing has no effect on cognitive function in humans.

   “Singing experience, music listening, and perceived musicality were not significantly related to cognitive outcomes in fully adjusted models.”

   Humansin fully adjusted models

   Musical Experience Across the Lifespan and Cognitive Function in Older Age

   Preprint·14 Aug 2025

2. Singing improves cognitive function in humans.

   “Key benefits of singing include improvements in verbal fluency, executive function, and episodic memory.”

   Review

   A Song for the Mind: A Literature Review on Singing and Cognitive Health in Aging Populations

   Brain sciences·21 Feb 2025

1. Singing increases postural sway in humans.

   “Singing increased postural sway relative to speaking, particularly mediolaterally (p<.001), with tempo-related increases in anteroposterior sway (p<.001).”

   Human trialstanding; compared with speakingn = 80

   Respiratory-Postural Responses to Singing: The Effects of Vocalisation and Tempo

   medRxiv·14 Oct 2026Preprint

1. Singing improves episodic memory in humans.

   “Among individuals with dementia, singing fosters episodic memory, mood enhancement, and social connection”

   Reviewdementia

   A Song for the Mind: A Literature Review on Singing and Cognitive Health in Aging Populations

   Brain sciences·21 Feb 2025

1. Singing increases white matter integrity in humans.

   “Structural changes such as increased white matter integrity and enhanced auditory-motor integration highlight the potential of singing to stimulate neuroplasticity.”

   Review

   A Song for the Mind: A Literature Review on Singing and Cognitive Health in Aging Populations

   Brain sciences·21 Feb 2025

1. Singing is associated with verbal fluency in humans.

   “Singing experience, higher educational attainment, and better global cognition were associated with better fluency.”

   Humansn = 144

   Exploring Factors Affecting Verbal Fluency in Healthy Aging

   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·20 Sep 2025

1. Singing is associated with maximum tongue pressure in humans (B = 2.26, p = 0.03).

   “Participants engaging every day in other vocalising opportunities recorded higher maximum tongue pressure (B = 2.26; p = 0.03) than those who did not at all.”

   Humansn = 479

   Frequency of Conversation, Laughter and Other Vocalising Opportunities in Daily Life and Maximum Tongue Pressure: The Goto Longevity Study

   Journal of oral rehabilitation·22 Apr 2025

More on Maximum tongue pressure

1. Singing is associated with executive function in humans.

   “Significant associations were also found between singing and executive function”

   Humans

   The relationship between playing musical instruments and cognitive trajectories: Analysis from a UK ageing cohort

   International journal of geriatric psychiatry·29 Jan 2024