Lower socioeconomic development

Exposure

1 paper2 findings

  • 1 lab in 1 country
  • Humans1

Outcomes

1

Mortality

no changein humans1

1 study
  1. Lower socioeconomic development has no effect on mortality in humans.

    “Lower social development was strongly associated with frailty prevalence but did not independently predict mortality”

    HumansAdjusted for age, sex, and frailty2007–2011

    Frailty and Socioeconomic Development in the European Region-Associations with Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

    International journal of environmental research and public health28 Feb 2026

Associations

1

Frailty

upin humans1

1 study
  1. Lower socioeconomic development is associated with frailty in humans.

    “After adjustment for age and sex, lower SDI was independently associated with higher odds of frailty using both frailty measures.”

    HumansCommunity-dwelling adults in 12 European countries; adjusted for age and sex

    Frailty and Socioeconomic Development in the European Region-Associations with Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

    International journal of environmental research and public health28 Feb 2026

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