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Ligature placement

Intervention

5 findings

C, W, M, H: cells, worms or flies, mice, humans. Dark: independent labs found the same change there. Light: one lab or one study. Outline: nothing yet.

Labs are independent when their papers share no last author and no institution.

  • 2 independent labs in 1 country
  • Funders: National Institute for Health Research and 6 more

What did studies of Ligature placement find?

4

Studies of Ligature placement measured 4 outcomes; the most studied are inflammation (2 studies), dissemination of oral bacteria to the brain (1) and cellular senescence (1).

Inflammation

upin mice1upin rhesus monkeys1

2 studies

  1. Ligature placement increases inflammation in mice.

    “Senescence and inflammatory markers were higher in old mice than in young ones, and periodontitis increased their expression.”

    Animals

    Aging and periodontitis increase brain dissemination of oral bacteria

    Journal of periodontology

  2. Ligature placement increases inflammation in rhesus monkeys.

    “Cytokine/cytokine receptor genes were also elevated with disease initiation”

    Animalsperiodontitis disease initiationgingiva

    Oral Microbiome and Gingival Gene Expression of Inflammatory Biomolecules With Aging and Periodontitis

    Frontiers in oral health

More on Inflammation

Dissemination of oral bacteria to the brain

upin mice1

1 study

  1. Ligature placement increases dissemination of oral bacteria to the brain in mice.

    “Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. pasteri, and Prevotella nigrescens were only detected in the brains of old animals with periodontitis.”

    Animalsexperimental periodontitisbrain

    Aging and periodontitis increase brain dissemination of oral bacteria

    Journal of periodontology

Cellular senescence

upin mice1

1 study

  1. Ligature placement increases cellular senescence in mice.

    “Senescence and inflammatory markers were higher in old mice than in young ones, and periodontitis increased their expression.”

    Animalsgingiva

    Aging and periodontitis increase brain dissemination of oral bacteria

    Journal of periodontology

More on Cellular senescence

IL36B

downin rhesus monkeys1

1 study

  1. Ligature placement decreases IL36B in rhesus monkeys.

    “IL36B, IL36G, and IL36RN were all significantly decreased throughout disease and resolution.”

    Animalsthroughout periodontitis disease and resolutiongingiva

    Oral Microbiome and Gingival Gene Expression of Inflammatory Biomolecules With Aging and Periodontitis

    Frontiers in oral health

More on IL36B