Late menopause

3 papers3 findings

C, W, M, H: cells, worms or flies, mice, humans. Dark: independent labs found the same change there. Light: one lab or one study. Outline: nothing yet.

Labs are independent when their papers share no last author and no institution.

Against: findings that point the other way from most findings on the same outcome.

On aging: the drug’s trials ARN judged to be about aging, of every trial that tests it for any use.

No results posted: trials that ended more than a year ago with no results on ClinicalTrials.gov and no paper in ARN’s record.

Company ties: findings with an author at a company, or from a paper whose competing-interests statement declares ties to one.

1 lab in 1 country

Funders: National Institute on Aging and 2 more

Humans3

Outcomes

Cognitive function

downin humans2

2 studies

Late menopause impairs cognitive function in humans.
“In China, late menopause (>55) was also associated with cognitive decline.”
Humansin Chinafemales
Menopause Timing and Later-Life Cognition: A Comparative Study of China, India, and the United States
GSA 2025 abstract31 Dec 2025
Late menopause impairs cognitive function in humans.
“in China, late menopause (>55) was associated with worse cognitive function.”
Humansin Chinese womenfemalesn = 7,412
Age at menopause and cognition in later life – a cross‐nation comparison study between China and India
AAIC 2025 abstract23 Dec 2025

Associations

Cognitive decline

upin humans1

1 study

Late menopause is associated with cognitive decline in humans (-0.01 standard deviations/year (95% CI -0.017, -0.002)).
“Late menopause was associated with faster cognitive decline (-0.01 standard deviations/year; 95% CI -0.017, -0.002), equivalent to 0.25 years of cognitive aging annually.”
Humansfemalesn = 5,082
Age at natural menopause and cognitive aging in U.S. women: Educational attainment as a modifiable resilience factor
Maturitas20 Feb 2026