Eating alone

1. Eating alone has no effect on incident disability in humans.

   “However, adjusted for the covariate depressive symptoms, eating alone was not significantly associated with incident disability.”

   Humansadjusted for depressive symptoms36 monthsn = 4,648

   Effect of eating alone and depression symptoms on incident disability among community-dwelling older adults

   Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)·Oct 5, 2024

1. Eating alone is associated with low motor function in humans (OR 4.08, 95% CI 1.39-11.99).

   “eating alone (odds ratio [OR]: 4.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-11.99) was independently associated with low MFS.”

   Humansduring COVID-19 pandemicn = 237

   Association between eating alone and motor function among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

   BMC geriatrics·Nov 10, 2025

1. Eating alone is associated with cognitive decline in humans (β: 0.15).

   “Eating alone was significantly associated with higher risks of both depression (AOR: 2.00) and cognitive decline (β: 0.15)”

   Humans

   The association between malnutrition, depression and cognitive decline in free-living elderly people in Cyprus: a cross-sectional study

   BMC public health·Dec 21, 2024

More on Cognitive decline

1. Eating alone raises the risk of depression in humans (AOR: 2.00).

   “Eating alone was significantly associated with higher risks of both depression (AOR: 2.00) and cognitive decline (β: 0.15)”

   Humans

   The association between malnutrition, depression and cognitive decline in free-living elderly people in Cyprus: a cross-sectional study

   BMC public health·Dec 21, 2024

More on Depression

1. Eating alone is associated with incident disability in humans (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05-1.75).

   “the participants who ate alone were associated with a higher hazard ratio of incident disability compared to those who ate with others (hazard ratio: 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.75).”

   Humans36 monthsn = 4,648

   Effect of eating alone and depression symptoms on incident disability among community-dwelling older adults

   Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)·Oct 5, 2024

1. Eating alone raises the risk of depressive symptoms in humans.

   “compared with commensality, eating alone was associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms”

   Humanscompared with commensality

   Associations between eating alone, its transition and depressive symptoms among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: evidence from two national cohorts

   BMC psychiatry·Jun 19, 2024

More on Depressive symptoms

1. Eating alone raises the risk of suicide mortality in humans (HR 2.81, 95% CI 1.47-5.37).

   “The hazard ratio for eating alone vs. eating together was 2.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-5.37).”

   Humansvs. eating together7 yearsn = 46,144

   Social disconnection and suicide mortality among Japanese older adults: A seven-year follow-up study

   Social science & medicine (1982)·Mar 11, 2024

1. Eating alone is associated with incident functional disability in humans (Adjusted HR 1.20 (95% CI 1.02-1.42)).

   “eating alone and low DVS was 1.20 (1.02-1.42), compared to those with eating together and high DVS.”

   HumansEating alone with low dietary variety versus eating together with high dietary variety (DVS 4-10)Low dietary variety score: 0-35 yearsn = 10,308

   Interaction of Eating Status and Dietary Variety on Incident Functional Disability among Older Japanese Adults

   The journal of nutrition, health & aging·Jan 1, 2022