Multiple fractures

1. Height loss predicts multiple fractures in humans (cut-off point of 6 cm, HL 7.03 ± 4.06 cm vs 4.8 cm, p < 0.01).

   “HL of at least 6 cm is the predictor of multiple fractures in a prospective observation of a representative epidemiological female sample.”

   Humans10-yearfemalesn = 640

   Height loss in postmenopausal women predicts multiple fractures in 10-year follow-up: results from the RAC-OST-POL study

   Endokrynologia Polska·Jan 1, 2024

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1. Rheumatoid arthritis raises the risk of multiple fractures in humans.

   “The risk factors for those with multiple fractures at any site were age, history of fracture, history of fall, total hip bone mineral density (BMD), spine BMD and rheumatoid arthritis.”

   Humans9.1 (7.2-10.6) yearsfemalesn = 3,560

   Are there specific clinical risk factors for the occurrence of multiple fractures? The FRISBEE study

   Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·Jan 4, 2023

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1. Multiple fractures are associated with multiple falls in humans (twofold higher risk).

   “Men having multiple fractures had a twofold higher risk of multiple falls after adjusting for confounders.”

   HumansAdjusted for confounders5 yearsmalesn = 813

   High risk of fall, poor physical function, and low grip strength in men with fracture-the STRAMBO study

   Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·Nov 19, 2015