Chronic diabetes complications

1. Glycemic variability is associated with chronic diabetes complications in humans (41% higher risk).

   “high glycemic variability associated with 75% and 41% higher risks of acute and chronic complications, respectively.”

   HumansType 2 diabetes; high glycemic variability phenotype

   Multidimensional continuous glucose monitoring metrics enable digital risk stratification across the diabetes spectrum

   NPJ digital medicine·13 Oct 2026

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