Adolescent depression

1. Adolescent depression raises the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in humans (OR = 1.04 [1.02-1.06]).

   Humansin two-sample Mendelian randomization

   Adolescent depression as a systemic multimorbidity catalyst: integrated genetic and metabolic pathway analysis · Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 9 Sep 2026

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease →

1. Adolescent depression raises the risk of diabetes in humans (OR = 1.01 [1.01-1.02]).

   Humansin two-sample Mendelian randomization

   Adolescent depression as a systemic multimorbidity catalyst: integrated genetic and metabolic pathway analysis · Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 9 Sep 2026

Diabetes →

1. Adolescent depression raises the risk of hypothyroidism in humans (HR = 1.29 [1.18-1.42]).

   Humansin observational Cox proportional hazards models

   Adolescent depression as a systemic multimorbidity catalyst: integrated genetic and metabolic pathway analysis · Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 9 Sep 2026

Hypothyroidism →