TMAO

1. Pomegranate + polygonum cuspidatum + trifolium pratense extract decreases TMAO in humans.

   “the intervention reduced urinary TMAO and DMA versus baseline and placebo”

   Human trialpostmenopausal women

   Precision health targeting TMAO in postmenopausal women: polyphenol effects modulated by urolithin A and equol metabotypes in a randomised, placebo-controlled crossover trial

   Food & function·Feb 23, 2026

More on Pomegranate + polygonum cuspidatum + trifolium pratense extract

1. Caloric restriction decreases TMAO in humans.

   “Three studies showed that caloric restriction and (visceral) weight loss improve TMAO levels.”

   Review

   The Influence of Animal- or Plant-Based Diets on Blood and Urine Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Humans

   Current nutrition reports·Jan 6, 2022

More on Caloric restriction

1. Animal-based diet increases TMAO in humans.

   “Most of the studies demonstrated that a diet high in protein, particularly of animal origin, such as diets rich in fish or red meat, have negative effects on TMAO levels.”

   Review

   The Influence of Animal- or Plant-Based Diets on Blood and Urine Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Humans

   Current nutrition reports·Jan 6, 2022

More on Animal-based diet

1. Plant-based diet decreases TMAO in humans.

   “Six out of eight studies revealed beneficial effects of plant-based diets on plasma or urinary TMAO concentrations.”

   Review

   The Influence of Animal- or Plant-Based Diets on Blood and Urine Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Humans

   Current nutrition reports·Jan 6, 2022

More on Plant-based diet