Morning blood pressure surge

1. Cold increases morning blood pressure surge in humans (normotensives, comparing 16°C vs 23°C).

   “Under cold exposure, a significantly higher amplitude of MBPS than under the warm condition among normotensives”

   Human trialnormotensives, comparing 16°C vs 23°C16°Cmalesn = 12

   Cold Exposure Can Induce an Exaggerated Early-Morning Blood Pressure Surge in Young Prehypertensives

   PloS one·Feb 26, 2016

2. Cold increases morning blood pressure surge in humans.

   “In particular, the prognostically important morning blood pressure (BP) surge is accentuated in winter versus other seasons, as is BP variability.”

   Review

   Cold-Induced Hypertension as Life-Environment Disease in Winter: Focus on Data From Japan

   Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·Mar 4, 2026

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1. Calcium channel blockers + renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors + diuretics decrease morning blood pressure surge in humans (hypertension) (26 mmHg reduction).

   “a combined administration of these agents along with diuretics, which displayed an even greater reduction of 26 mmHg”

   Reviewhypertensionnighttime dosing

   The effect of evening vs. morning medication on morning blood pressure surge

   Scientific reports·Feb 4, 2026

More on Calcium channel blockers + renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors + diuretics

1. Antihypertensive treatment decreases morning blood pressure surge in humans (hypertension; compared with morning dosing) (7 mmHg lower morning blood pressure surge; diurnal systolic and nighttime diastolic blood pressures lower by 6 and 13 mmHg, respectively).

   “the MBPS was significantly more reduced in patients taking medication before bedtime, averaging a decrease of 7 mmHg”

   Reviewhypertension; compared with morning dosingbedtime dosingn = 1,239

   The effect of evening vs. morning medication on morning blood pressure surge

   Scientific reports·Feb 4, 2026

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1. Cholecalciferol decreases morning blood pressure surge in T1DM patients with CAN (13 ± 13 vs. 5 ± 14, p = 0.04).

   “Group 1 presented a reduction in morning SBP (120 ± 20 vs. 114 ± 17 mmHg, p = 0.038) and in morning SBP surge (13 ± 13 vs. 5 ± 14, p = 0.04).”

   Human trialin T1DM patients with CAN4000/10,000 UI/day12 weeksn = 23

   High dose cholecalciferol supplementation causing morning blood pressure reduction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

   Scientific reports·Mar 16, 2024

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1. Cold exposure increases morning blood pressure surge in humans (healthy adults).

   “The cold conditions resulted in: (i) higher MBPS than under warm conditions”

   Human trialhealthy adults16 °C vs 23 °C ambient temperaturemalesn = 12

   Effects of cold exposure on autonomic changes during the last rapid eye movement sleep transition and morning blood pressure surge in humans

   Sleep medicine·May 10, 2014

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1. Morning blood pressure surge was not clearly linked with cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension (MD = 7.85, 95% CI [-1.30, 17.01]).

   “There were no statistically significant differences in the morning peak systolic (MD = 7.85, 95% CI [-1.30, 17.01]) and diastolic (MD = 4.44, 95% CI [-6.00, 14.89]) blood pressure drop between the CI group and non-CI group”

   Humansin patients with hypertensionn = 2,754

   The correlation of blood pressure variability and cognitive function in hypertension patients: A meta-analysis

   International journal of clinical practice·Sep 19, 2021

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1. Morning blood pressure surge predicts hypertensive crisis in humans (Stage 2 hypertension; morning surge >35 mmHg) (OR 3.96; 95% CI 2.88-5.44).

   “The strongest predictors were nocturnal non-dipping (OR 4.82; 95% CI 3.41-6.80) and morning surge >35 mmHg (OR 3.96; 95% CI 2.88-5.44).”

   HumansStage 2 hypertension; morning surge >35 mmHg12 months

   Wearable data predicted blood pressure crises 72 hours ahead

   AHA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract·Nov 2, 2026

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1. Morning blood pressure surge is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in humans (multivariable analysis; LVDD ≥ Grade I) (OR 1.35 per 10 mmHg; 95% CI 1.10–1.65).

   “MBPS (OR = 1.35 per 10 mmHg; 95% CI 1.10-1.65)”

   Humansmultivariable analysis; LVDD ≥ Grade Ileft ventricle

   From Adiposity to Diastolic Dysfunction: The Integrated Role of Epicardial Fat, Autonomic Dysregulation, and Morning Blood Pressure Surge in Obesity

   International journal of hypertension·Oct 12, 2026

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1. Triglyceride-glucose body mass index is associated with morning blood pressure surge in humans (primary hypertension) (r = 0.087-0.108).

   “TyG-BMI was positively associated with MBPS and BPV (r = 0.087-0.108).”

   Humansprimary hypertensionn = 653

   Association of triglyceride glucose-body mass index with blood pressure variability and morning blood pressure surge in young and middle-aged patients with primary hypertension

   Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD·Feb 12, 2026

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1. Morning blood pressure surge is linked with a higher risk of accidental falls in humans (older people with recent falls) (adjusted odds ratio 1.06 (95% CI 1.02, 1.10); P = .005).

   “For every increase in morning surge by 1 mmHg, there was a 6% increase in falls (adjusted odds ratio 1.06 (95% CI 1.02, 1.10); P = .005).”

   Humansolder people with recent fallsmean 7 monthsn = 118

   Can ambulatory blood pressure biomarkers predict future falls amongst older people?

   Age and ageing·Mar 3, 2025