Low-frequency to high-frequency ratio

1. Resistance training increases low-frequency to high-frequency ratio in humans (postexercise across exercise conditions).

   “Post hoc testing found greater increases in LF/HF postexercise in men than in women ( p < 0.05) across exercise conditions.”

   Human trialpostexercise across exercise conditionsmalesn = 39

   Heart Rate Variability After Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise and Traditional Resistance Exercise in Trained Men and Women

   Journal of strength and conditioning research·Mar 26, 2026

More on Resistance training

1. Early menopause onset is linked with lower low-frequency to high-frequency ratio in humans (early menopause onset (<=49 years) vs late onset (>=53 years)) (1.32 ± 1.71 vs 4.48 ± 5.69, P< 0.05).

   “In the early onset group, there was a lower LF (43.2±22.6 nu, 66.6±21.0 nu; P< 0.05), higher HF (55.7±21.1 nu, 32.6±19.9 nu; P< 0.05), and a lower LF/HF ratio”

   Humansearly menopause onset (<=49 years) vs late onset (>=53 years)femalesn = 46

   Impact of Age at Menopause on Autonomic Cardiovascular Function

   Physiology·May 1, 2026