Anti-spike antibodies

1. Tozinameran increases anti-spike antibodies in humans (substantial levels).

   “The primary vaccination series produced substantial anti-spike and RBD levels which were low in avidity against all strains tested.”

   Humansafter primary vaccination series

   Avidity maturation of humoral response following primary and booster doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine among nursing home residents and healthcare workers

   GeroScience·May 25, 2024

More on Tozinameran

1. Centenarian status is associated with anti-spike antibodies in humans.

   “The levels of anti-spike antibodies in centenarians infected and/or vaccinated were higher, although not significantly”

   HumansSARS-CoV-2 infected and/or vaccinated; compared with seventy-year-old controlsserum

   Centenarians, Semi and Supercentenarians, COVID-19 and Spanish Flu: a serological assessment to gain insight into the resilience of older centenarians to COVID- 19

   Research Square·May 24, 2024Preprint