Protocol for standardized minimally invasive mouse models of bisphosphonate-related and radiation-induced jaw osteonecrosis

We present a protocol for establishing murine models of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ). We describe steps for a uniform, low-trauma tooth extraction technique with disease-specific induction, systemic zoledronic acid for BRONJ and precision-targeted irradiation for ORNJ, to generate robust and clinically relevant models of jaw osteonecrosis, approaching minimizes procedural variability and off-target effects, yielding robust, clinically relevant phenotypes. This protocol provides a standard and minimally invasive framework for investigating jaw osteonecrosis arising from distinct etiologies.