EBioMedicine

Blood protein age measures linked to disease risk in China

Each extra year of kidney protein age above actual age was linked to higher chronic kidney disease risk (hazard ratio, a relative risk measure, 1.19).

Cohort study of 3,977 adults in China without prior cardiovascular diseaseBiomarkers

4,000 participants

Limit: Organ age estimates were blood-based proxies, not direct measurements of organ aging

Edited by Boris Djordjevic · AgingResearch.News

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In 3,977 adults in China, with a mean age of 58 and no prior cardiovascular disease, an observational case-cohort study linked protein-based age estimates to later disease. Researchers combined measurements from two blood protein testing platforms to estimate overall age and ages for 18 organs. They calculated “age gaps” by subtracting each participant’s actual age from these estimates.

Larger overall and organ-specific age gaps were associated with age-related traits and several later diseases, after accounting for actual age and other risk factors. The kidney age gap was associated with higher risks of stroke, chronic liver disease and chronic kidney disease. The overall age gap was also associated with frailty and poorer self-rated health.

Why it matters

For research on age-related diseases, the authors suggest these protein-based aging measures may serve as markers in clinical trials, pending further validation.

Caveats

The observational design cannot establish cause and effect, and the age estimates were blood-based proxies rather than direct measurements of organ aging. The findings do not establish how these measures perform in people with prior cardiovascular disease, who were excluded.

The paper

Proteomic organ-specific signatures, ageing traits, disease risks and genetic architecture in an East Asian population

Derrick A. Bennett, Baihan Wang, Sihao Xiao, 191 more authorsYanling Chen

University of Oxford

EBioMedicine, Jul 29, 2026, Open access

doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106401PubMed 42526095