Evidence on the effects of dual-task motor-cognitive training on functional mobility in older adults with Alzheimer's disease: an integrative review

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (DA) can impair cognitive and motor functions related to gait, balance, and functional mobility. Dual-task motor-cognitive training simultaneously combines motor and cognitive demands and has been investigated as an intervention strategy in this population. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature on the effects of dual-task motor-cognitive training on functional mobility in older adults with DA. METHODS: An integrative literature review, with searches in PubMed, SciELO, PEDro, LILACS, and the CAPES Journals Portal, in addition to a supplementary manual search. Primary studies published between 2012 and 2026, in Portuguese or English, that investigated dual-task motor-cognitive interventions in older adults with DA and assessed outcomes related to functional mobility were included. After the identification, screening, and eligibility process, seven primary studies comprised the final synthesis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The studies showed potential favorable effects on components of functional mobility, especially gait, balance, and performance on functional tests. However, the effects were not uniform across all outcomes, and differences were observed in intervention protocols, sample characteristics, assessment instruments, and the methodological quality of the studies. CONCLUSIONS: Dual-task motor-cognitive training shows potential to improve components of functional mobility in older adults with DA. However, methodological heterogeneity and the small number of specific studies require caution in interpreting the results.