Time to surgery
Time to surgery has been studied in 9 papers since 2020: 9 observational studies in people. The newest paper, Jun 28, 2025: “Survival outcomes in periprosthetic proximal femur fractures: examining time to surgery and contributing factors in a German monocentric retrospective cohort study”.
9 papers study it8 findingsUpdated
“Charleston Comorbidity Index ≥ 6 (1.63 OR), and time to surgery (1.45 OR) were especially important (all p < 0.05).”
2 of its findings point the other way.
- 6 independent labs in 4 countries
- 2 findings against
- Humans9
What did studies of Time to surgery find?
3Studies of Time to surgery measured 3 outcomes; the most studied are mortality (2 studies), survival (1) and one-year mortality (1).
Mortality
no changein humans2
2 studies
Mortality
no changein humans2
Time to surgery has no effect on mortality in humans.
“No advantage was found for surgery within the first 24 h across all groups.”
Humanswithin 24 h
Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
Time to surgery has no effect on mortality in humans (p = .501).
“Time-to-surgery was not different for patients who died within 1 year after the surgery and those who survived (p = .501).”
Humansacute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures1 yearn = 260
BMC geriatrics
Survival
no changein humans1
1 study
Survival
no changein humans1
Time to surgery has no effect on survival in humans (p = 0.51).
“Log-rank tests revealed no significant survival difference between the optimal cut-off TTS ≤ 68 h and > 68 h (p = 0.51).”
Humansperiprosthetic proximal femoral fracturesn = 262
Injury
One-year mortality
no changein humans1
1 study
One-year mortality
no changein humans1
Time to surgery has no effect on one-year mortality in humans.
“There was no evidence that the time to surgery was a risk factor for death at one year.”
Humansrevision total hip arthroplasty for periprosthetic hip fractureone yearn = 203
Modifiable risk factors for mortality in revision total hip arthroplasty for periprosthetic fracture
The bone & joint journal
What is Time to surgery linked with?
2Studies link Time to surgery with 2 measures, most often mortality (3 studies) and hospitalization time (1).
Mortality
upin humans3OR 1.066
3 studies
Mortality
upin humans3OR 1.066
Time to surgery raises the risk of mortality in humans.
“Time to surgery (TTS) increases mortality risk in old patients with proximal femur fractures (PFFs).”
Reviewproximal femur fractures
Age and ageing
Time to surgery raises the risk of mortality in humans (OR 1.066, 95% CI 1.001-1.013).
“The time to surgery was a significant independent risk factor for 30-day mortality, with each 1-hour delay increasing the odds of mortality by 1.066”
Humansgeriatric patients with hip fracturen = 120
Mortality-Related Risk Factors in Geriatric Patients with Hip Fracture
Annals of geriatric medicine and research
Time to surgery predicts mortality in humans (1.45 OR, p < 0.05).
“Charleston Comorbidity Index ≥ 6 (1.63 OR), and time to surgery (1.45 OR) were especially important (all p < 0.05).”
Humanssurgical treatment for fracturen = 52,497
Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery
Hospitalization time
upin humans1
1 study
Hospitalization time
upin humans1
Time to surgery is associated with hospitalization time in humans (Pearson's r = .614, p < .001).
“Time-to-surgery showed a strong correlation with hospitalization time (Pearson's r = .614, p < .001)”
Humansacute osteoporotic vertebral compression fracturesn = 260
BMC geriatrics