Gamma-tocopherol

1. Gamma-tocopherol increases HOMA-IR in humans (7.79% (95% CI: 2.12 to 18.53)).

   “γ-tocopherol was associated with higher HOMA-IR, an effect partially mediated by elevated CRP (percent change per 10-unit increase: 7.79%; 95% CI: 2.12 to 18.53).”

   Humansadjusted for covariates, per 10-unit increasen = 747

   Determining the mediation role of CRP and IL-6 for associations between carotenoids, vitamin A, and vitamin E and insulin resistance in elderly

   Precision nutrition·6 Aug 2026

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