Cystatin C-to-HDL cholesterol ratio

1. Cystatin C-to-HDL cholesterol ratio raises the risk of heart disease in humans (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.03–1.36).

   “Each 1-SD increase in Δln(CysC/HDL-C) was associated with higher risk in the primary adjusted model (hazard ratio [HR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.36; P = 0.017)”

   Humansin non-diabetic adults with early cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic abnormalities3 yearsn = 3,133

   Association Between Longitudinal Change in the Cystatin C-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Subsequent Heart Disease in Non-Diabetic Adults: A CHARLS Cohort Study

   Research Square·6 Aug 2026Preprint

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