Vein tortuosity density

1. Vein tortuosity density raises the risk of cardiovascular disease in humans (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.25-4.01).

   Humansin baseline depression11.3 yearsn = 1,507

   Retinal vascular signatures predict risk of depression and subsequent chronic diseases: A longitudinal study

   Journal of affective disorders·4 Aug 2026

More on Cardiovascular disease