DXA bone mineral density

1. Z-Effective is associated with DXA bone mineral density in humans (ρ = 0.652).

   “Z-Effective functioned as a robust biomarker, maintaining significant positive linear correlations across both the proximal femur (ρ = 0.652; p ≤ 0.001)”

   Humanspostmenopausalproximal femurfemalesn = 60

   Site-Specific Material Decomposition Versus Universal Z-Effective: Optimizing Opportunistic Bone Mineral Density Screening via Dual-Energy CT

   Journal of Imaging·1 Oct 2026

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1. CaOxMono–water material decomposition is associated with DXA bone mineral density in humans (ρ = 0.525).

   “water-based pairs performed best in the cellular, red-marrow-rich lumbar spine (CaOxMono–Water: ρ = 0.525; p ≤ 0.001).”

   Humanspostmenopausallumbar spinefemalesn = 60

   Site-Specific Material Decomposition Versus Universal Z-Effective: Optimizing Opportunistic Bone Mineral Density Screening via Dual-Energy CT

   Journal of Imaging·1 Oct 2026

More on CaOxMono–water material decomposition

1. Calcium–fat material decomposition is associated with DXA bone mineral density in humans (ρ = 0.703).

   “fat-based pairs demonstrated superior correlation with DXA BMD at the femoral neck (Calcium–Fat: ρ = 0.703; p ≤ 0.001)”

   Humanspostmenopausalfemoral neckfemalesn = 60

   Site-Specific Material Decomposition Versus Universal Z-Effective: Optimizing Opportunistic Bone Mineral Density Screening via Dual-Energy CT

   Journal of Imaging·1 Oct 2026

More on Calcium–fat material decomposition