Total PSA
Biomarker1 paper1 finding
Associations
1Electrochemical biosensor
upin humans1Low certainty
1 study
Electrochemical biosensor
upin humans1Low certainty
Electrochemical biosensor predicts total PSA in humans (LOD 0.648 pg/mL).
Human trial30-minute
An HNO₃-Pretreated, Graphene Oxide-Modified Pencil Graphite Electrode for PSA Detection: Toward a Disposable Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor · Preprints.org · 18 Sep 2026 · Preprint