Medecine Sciences · Mar 20, 2026

Liver organoids: from promise to functional complexity

By Luce E, Duclos-Vallée JC

Recent advances in stem cell biology and tissue engineering have profoundly renewed the field of liver organoids. More mature and complex, they now incorporate functional canalicular networks, metabolic gradients, and co-cultures including cholangiocytes, stellate cells, and macrophages. Advances in vascularization, bioprinting, and microfluidics are improving their stability and functionality, thereby enhancing their usefulness for disease modeling, pharmacology, personalized medicine, and future therapeutic applications.

doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2026035 Open access PubMed 41860268 Interventions