The Impact of Lasers and Energy-Based Devices on Cellular Senescence: A Systematic Review

OBJECTIVES: Cellular senescence contributes to skin aging. Lasers and energy-based devices (EBDs) are used to treat age-related skin changes. Given the clinical improvement seen with these devices, we sought to systematically review whether current evidence supports an impact on cellular senescence. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles examining the effects of lasers and EBDs on cellular senescence. Devices included lasers, radiofrequency, ultrasound, photobiomodulation, photodynamic therapy, and intense pulsed light. RESULTS: A total of 23 articles presented original work, relevant to dermatology, evaluating the impact of these treatments at a cellular level. These comprised laser (n = 6), light-based (n = 11), and other EBDs (n = 6). Overall, these technologies demonstrated a positive effect on cellular senescence and clinically minimized neocarcinogenesis and improved age-related skin changes. CONCLUSIONS: Literature evaluating the impact of lasers and EBDs on cellular senescence is scarce. This review suggests that these modalities may reduce cellular senescence, thereby restoring cellular signaling and rejuvenating the skin. We propose that these effects represent a converging fundamental mechanism of hormesis promoting skin anti-fragility and longevity.