International Journal of Health Management Review · Sep 22, 2026

CLINICAL ASPECTS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF MENOPAUSAL GENITOURINARY SYNDROME

By Silva MJTCE, Crott CB, DE OLIVEIRA EP et al.

Menopausal Genitourinary Syndrome (MGUS) is characterized by a set of chronic and progressive signs and symptoms resulting from hypoestrogenism that affects the vulva, vagina, and lower urinary tract. The objective of this study was to synthesize the current scientific evidence on the clinical aspects, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic approaches for MGUS. To this end, a narrative literature review was conducted in the PubMed database using the search terms “Menopause” and “Therapeutics.” The pathophysiology of MGS is complex and involves thinning of the stratified epithelium, loss of tissue elasticity, and reduced local blood flow. Additionally, there is a disruption of the Lactobacillus spp. microbiota, which raises the vaginal pH and predisposes the mucosa to infections. Clinically, genital symptoms such as dryness, a burning sensation, pruritus, and dyspareunia are observed, in addition to urological complaints such as polyuria, urinary urgency, and recurrent urinary tract infections. The diagnosis incorporates the assessment of subjective parameters—using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI)—along with objective indicators, including the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), vaginal pH, and the Vaginal Maturity Index (VMI).

doi.org/10.47172/ijhmreview.v12i3.640 Open access Interventions