Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences · Oct 22, 2026

Bone fragility and joint pain increasing the risk of falls

By Serra BGDC, dos Anjos MEP, Guirello AB et al.

Osteopenia and osteoporosis, associated with joint pain and sarcopenia, represent important risk factors for falls and fractures in the older population. This study aims to list the current scientific evidence on the relationship between loss of bone integrity and the risk of falls, also investigating the impact of physical exercise and nutritional support in this setting. This is an integrative literature review with searches conducted in the SciELO, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, BVS Brasil, and CAPES databases, covering the period from 2021 to 2026. The studies analyzed demonstrated that reduced bone mineral density and lean mass act synergistically with comorbidities (such as diabetes and hypertension) and polypharmacy to increase biomechanical vulnerability. The consumption of dairy foods rich in calcium and protein, combined with mechanotransduction generated by resistance exercise, was shown to act as the main factor in bone protection and remodeling. In light of these findings, a multidisciplinary geriatric approach in Primary Health Care is essential for the early identification of frailty, aiming to mitigate the impact of bone deterioration, prevent falls, and promote active aging.

doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n10p1942-1958 Open access Interventions