AHA Scientific Sessions 2026 Abstract · Nov 2, 2026
The Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of a Prehabilitation Program on Post Heart Transplant Outcomes in Adults with End-Stage Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study
By Abudoukelimu M
Background: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility and preliminary effects of a prehabilitation program on early post heart transplant outcomes in adults with end-stage cardiomyopathy. Methods: We conducted a single-center pilot trial, and enrolled 60 eligible adult candidates for HT from December 2023 to September 2024. Patients were randomized 1:1 and assigned to the intervention (n=30, prehabilitation+usual care) and control (n=30, usual care) groups. The program was consisted of intensive prehabilitation education, inspiratory muscle training, active cycle of breathing technique and functional training. Results: The recruitment rate was 85% (60/71), and adherence to the prescribed training sessions was 99.2% (1536/1548); there occurred only one (3.3%) non-serious adverse event related to the intervention. Further, the intervention group showed a lower proportion of prolonged mechanical ventilation>24 hours postoperatively (14.3% vs. 43.3%) and a lower incidence of pneumonia (6.7% vs. 20%). The program shortened the mechanical ventilation time (MVT) (18 vs. 23 hours) and the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (4 vs. 5 days). Furthermore, from baseline to discharge, the intervention group had smaller decreases in maximal inspiratory pressure (–14.4 vs. –23.0), physical function (SPPB: –3.3 vs. –5.0), and quality of life (SF-12: –0.8 vs. –4.9); and a smaller increase in frailty (0.8 vs. 1.5). Conclusions: This study suggested that the prehabilitation program might be associated with reductions in short-term postoperative complications, MVT, the length of ICU stay, and functional decline, as well as better preservation of quality of life in adults with end-stage cardiomyopathy; the program appeared safe for patients listed for HT. These preliminary findings warranted further investigation in larger and definitive trials.