Medicine · Oct 23, 2026

Association of triglyceride-glucose and its related indices with circadian syndrome: Evidence from a prospective cohort study

By Qin J, Ni C

This study aimed to investigate the association of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and its related indices, TyG-body mass index, TyG-waist circumference, and TyG-waist-to height ratio (TyG-WHtR), with incident circadian syndrome (CircS) in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. This study employed a prospective cohort design using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, collected in 2011 and 2015. We utilized 4 separate logistic regression models to assess the potential impact of each independent variable on CircS. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis is used to examine the linearity assumption and dose-response relationships. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to compare the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR in identifying CircS. During the 4-year follow-up period, 796 new cases of CircS were identified among the participants, representing 22.3% of the total cohort. After adjusting for potential covariates, nonlinear associations between TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR with the risk of CircS were identified, exhibiting a significant dose-response relationship. TyG, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR exhibited an inverted U-shaped curve relationship with CircS, while the relationship between TyG-BMI and CircS was close to linear. Meanwhile, receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that TyG-BMI demonstrated better diagnostic performance. This study provides important evidence that TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR are significant risk factors for CircS. Moreover, we found that TyG-BMI may serve as an important potential biomarker for diagnosing new-onset CircS.

doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000051301 Open access PubMed 42937779 Biomarkers