Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports · Jun 19, 2026

Impact of aging and body mass index on self-reported cognitive impairment among West Texas adults: Implications for better lifestyle

By Khan H, Dayamba L, Rafiq A et al.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasing public health concern, especially among adults over age 40 in rural regions, where chronic conditions are prevalent and healthcare resources are limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the impact of aging and body mass index (BMI) on self-reported cognitive impairment, while controlling for covariates. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from hospital visits in Parmer and Cochran counties, using Pearson's chi-squared test, two sample proportions, and binary and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Due to varying social involvement, individuals lacking social activities but becoming engaged at baseline experienced slower cognitive decline over time. Individuals aged 70 and above in Cochran and Parmer Counties had higher odds of cognitive impairment compared to those aged 40-49, with these associations remaining significant after adjusting for covariates (p < 0.05). Cochran County data showed that participants aged 60-69 who are overweight had much lower odds of cognitive impairment than those aged 40-49 with a normal BMI, after adjusting for anxiety, depression, and memory loss (OR = 0.2, CI: 0.1-0.8, p = 0.026). Similarly, in Parmer County, individuals aged 60-69 who are obese also had reduced odds compared to younger adults with a normal BMI (OR = 0.2, CI: 0.1-0.8, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Aging remains associated with self-reported cognitive impairment, even after adjusting for risk factors, highlighting need for targeted interventions for elderly populations. Lower odds among overweight and obese seniors suggest a complex relationship between higher BMI and cognitive impairment in this population.

doi.org/10.1177/25424823261460418 Open access PubMed 42877508 Populations