In silico

Global Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases Attributable to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Modelling Study Based on GBD 2021

Figure 1. PAFs of CVDs attributable to COPD among adults aged ≥45 years.
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Figure 1. PAFs of CVDs attributable to COPD among adults aged ≥45 years.PAFs of CVDs attributable to COPD among adults aged ≥45 years.Xu et al.

International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The paper

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · Peking University

International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease · 24 Sep 2026

doi.org/10.2147/copd.s636025PubMed 42812767

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