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Observational Studies

Modeling the Effects of Smoking on Lung Cancer

By Richard J. Cook, Laura S. Bumbulis, Sung Duk Kim, Paul S. Albert
Figure 1. Multistate representations of exposure and competing risks models.
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Figure 1. Multistate representations of exposure and competing risks models.Multistate representations of exposure and competing risks models.Cook et al.
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Richard J. Cook, Laura S. Bumbulis, Sung Duk Kim, Paul S. Albert

University of Waterloo; National Institutes of Health

Observational Studies, 27 Aug 2026

doi.org/10.1353/obs.00006PubMed 42781629

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