IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences · Apr 2026
Menopausal Syndrome: Clinical Presentation And Management
By Samal DN, Behera RN, Behera APDP
Comparable to other global studies (23-45% prevalence).• Psychosomatic: 62% • Depression (25%), tension (62%), irritability (60%), forgetfulness (50%).• Sleep disturbance (45%), headache (45%), joint pain (40%).• Often multiple symptoms per patient.• Vaginal dryness: 45% & Urinary symptoms: 40% • Vaginal dryness (45%), discharge (25%), painful coitus (20%), prolapse (28%).• Urinary symptoms: dysuria, frequency, incontinence (35-40%).• Linked to estrogen deficiency and atrophic changes.• Common complaints: Stress, irritability, sleep issues, weight gain, incontinence. VI. Clinical Findings• Anaemia (42%)• Obesity (35%)• Hypertension (20%)• Vaginitis (32%)• Uterine prolapse (28%)• Cervical malignancy (5%) VII. Management• Counselling (100%)• Emphasis on yoga, meditation, diet, exercise, weight control.• Psychological reassurance key to symptom improvement.• Studies show reduced vasomotor and psychological symptoms with active lifestyle.• Medical management (70%)• Iron, calcium, antihypertensives, antidiabetics, antibiotics as needed.• Local estrogen cream for genitourinary atrophy.• Phytoestrogens, soya supplements, and non-hormonal therapies used.• Surgical management (35%)• Vaginal hysterectomy and repair (36 cases)• Laparotomy with hysterectomy (10 cases)• Prolapse repair (12 cases)• Surgery for stress incontinence (10 cases)• Lifestyle modification, yoga, meditation (100%)Age at time of menopause and age of women attending opd with symptoms and duration of menopause and occurance of symptom.