časopis REHABILITÁCIA · Jun 6, 2026
Physical performance and body composition of older women according to the frequency of their physical activity
By Horbacz AD, Majherová M, Kručanica L
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess differences in physical performance and body composition among older women with different frequencies of physical activity (PA). SAMPLE: The study samples consisted of N=70 older women, divided into two groups: a higher-frequency group (TJ – members of the TJ Slávia UPJŠ Košice club, n=30, M=74 years, exercising 2×60 minutes/week) and a lower-frequency group (U3 – students at the University of the Third Age at UPJŠ in Košice, n=40, M=70 years, exercising 1×90 minutes/two weeks). METHODS: Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using the InBody 230 device, focusing on body fat (kg, %) and skeletal muscle (kg). Functional fitness was assessed using four tests from the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) battery measuring lower- and upper-limb strength, aerobic endurance, and dynamic balance. Additional data on PA and quality of life were obtained through a questionnaire. RESULTS: From the questionnaire, we found that the participants have no diagnosed serious diseases that would prevent them from actively participating in PA and taking part in testing. Subjective ratings of quality of life were higher in the TJ group than in the U3 group. Significant differences between the groups were identified in selected items of the Senior Fitness Test, favoring the TJ group compared with the U3 group. These differences concerned levels of lower-limb strength, upper-limb strength, and aerobic endurance. CONCLUSIONS: For future research, we recommend taking measurements at the beginning and end of the exercise program and verifying the results for these target groups. Future studies should also consider the influence of dietary habits on the body composition of older women to enable the development of more comprehensive recommendations for promoting healthy aging.