International Journal of Social Health · Jun 23, 2026
Difference of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Government Employees with Hypertension and Without Hypertension in Kupang City
By Rerung MM, Setianingrum ELS, Lidia K et al.
Vitamin D deficiency has been widely recognized as a global public health concern and is increasingly associated with cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. This study aimed to compare serum vitamin D levels between government employees with hypertension and those without hypertension in Kupang City, Indonesia. A cross-sectional design was employed involving 60 government employees, divided equally into hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. Data were collected through structured interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory analysis of serum vitamin D levels using the Enzyme Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Statistical analysis was conducted using the independent t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the mean serum vitamin D level in the hypertensive group (25.91 ± 8.50 ng/mL) was significantly lower than in the non-hypertensive group (29.91 ± 5.01 ng/mL), with a p-value of 0.002. Additionally, hypertensive respondents had a higher body mass index and older age compared to non-hypertensive participants, both of which were statistically significant. These findings indicate a potential association between lower vitamin D levels and the presence of hypertension among government employees. In conclusion, serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in individuals with hypertension, suggesting that vitamin D may play a role in blood pressure regulation. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are recommended to determine causality and evaluate the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in hypertension prevention and management.