Journal of Physical Education · Oct 28, 2026

The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 And Irisin in Muscle Dystrophy: Effect of Age and Comparison Among Patients

By Haider ZF

Background: Muscle dystrophy and sarcopenia involve progressive muscle wasting and functional decline. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and irisin are key myokines regulating muscle growth and metabolism. Changes in their levels may reflect disease and aging effects. To evaluate the role of IGF-1 and irisin in muscle dystrophy. Methods: A case–control study was conducted in Baghdad hospitals (Dec 2024–Feb 2025) involving 55 patients with muscle dystrophy and 35 healthy controls. Serum IGF-1 and irisin were quantified utilizing ELISA, and data were analyzed with SPSS v26 (p ≤ 0.05). Results: Patients had significantly lower IGF-1 (75.18 ± 3.16 vs. 112.14 ± 8.75 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) and irisin (5.19 ± 0.22 vs. 9.92 ± 0.78 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) levels. Irisin declined with age, especially >70 years (p = 0.0481). No correlation was found between IGF-1 and irisin. Conclusion: This study suggests a potential role of IGF-1 and irisin in muscle dystrophy progression

doi.org/10.37359/jope.v38(specialissue)2026.2401Open accessMechanisms