CIENCIAMATRIA · Oct 15, 2026
Artificial intelligence in the early prediction of neurodegenerative diseases
By Zambrano-Castillo SE, Molina-Martínez KY, Vilcaguano-Molina CY
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by progressive neuronal loss, with cognitive and motor decline beginning years before symptoms appear. The study therefore aimed to analyse the application of artificial intelligence in the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases and its implications for clinical practice in Ecuador. A descriptive literature review was conducted in Google Scholar, SciELO and PubMed, with a sample of 48 publications from 2021 to 2025 selected from 2,680 records. Deep learning models applied to neuroimaging, biomarkers, voice, movement and retinal images achieved accuracies of 80% to 95% in preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. It was concluded that implementation in Ecuador requires local databases, infrastructure, staff training and ethical regulation.