Journal of Innovative and Creativity · Apr 21, 2026
Relationship between duration of injectable contraceptive use and age at menopause in Bandungrejo Village
By Mustabsyiroh D, Hartinah D, Karyati S
This study was motivated by the high use of injectable contraceptives among women of reproductive age, particularly in rural areas, without adequate understanding of their long-term effects on reproductive function and age at menopause. Injectable contraceptives containing the hormones progesterone and estrogen can affect ovarian function through feedback mechanisms involving the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, potentially affecting the timing of menopause. This study aimed to determine the relationship between injectable contraceptive use and age at menopause among women in Bandungrejo Village, Karanganyar District, Demak Regency. The study used a quantitative descriptive-analytical approach with a cross-sectional design, and the population in this study consisted of all 90 menopausal women in Bandungrejo Village. The study sample consisted of 74 women selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was conducted in stages, starting with univariate analysis to examine the data distribution, followed by bivariate analysis using the Spearman rank test to determine the relationship between injectable contraceptive use and age at menopause. The study findings are expected to provide a deeper understanding of the effects of hormonal contraception on female reproductive function.