Investigating the combined effects of smoking and amyloid on brain structure in cognitively unimpaired adults using a machine learning‐based MRI marker

Abstract

Background: Smoking is a well‐established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and its association with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline is an area of ongoing research. Critically, the interplay between smoking, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, and cognitive impairment remains incompletely understood.