Vascular plasticity and microglial mediators link blood‐brain barrier dysfunction to synaptic decline in cognitively typical aging independent of amyloid

Abstract

Background: Cognitive decline frequently occurs during typical aging, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood, especially in the absence of classical neuropathology such as amyloid. Vascular dysfunction and increased blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability have emerged as potential contributors.